/* ykaes.c --- Implementation of AES-128.
 *
 * Copyright (c) 2006-2013 Yubico AB
 * All rights reserved.
 *
 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
 * met:
 *
 *    * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
 *      notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
 *
 *    * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
 *      copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following
 *      disclaimer in the documentation and/or other materials provided
 *      with the distribution.
 *
 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
 * "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
 * LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
 * A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
 * OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
 * SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
 * LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
 * DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
 * THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
 * (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
 * OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
 *
 */

#include "yubikey.h"

#define	NUMBER_OF_ROUNDS	10

static const uint8_t RC[] =
  { 0x1, 0x2, 0x4, 0x8, 0x10, 0x20, 0x40, 0x80, 0x1B, 0x36 };

static const uint8_t rijndael_sbox[] = {
  0x63, 0x7C, 0x77, 0x7B, 0xF2, 0x6B, 0x6F, 0xC5,
  0x30, 0x01, 0x67, 0x2B, 0xFE, 0xD7, 0xAB, 0x76,
  0xCA, 0x82, 0xC9, 0x7D, 0xFA, 0x59, 0x47, 0xF0,
  0xAD, 0xD4, 0xA2, 0xAF, 0x9C, 0xA4, 0x72, 0xC0,
  0xB7, 0xFD, 0x93, 0x26, 0x36, 0x3F, 0xF7, 0xCC,
  0x34, 0xA5, 0xE5, 0xF1, 0x71, 0xD8, 0x31, 0x15,
  0x04, 0xC7, 0x23, 0xC3, 0x18, 0x96, 0x05, 0x9A,
  0x07, 0x12, 0x80, 0xE2, 0xEB, 0x27, 0xB2, 0x75,
  0x09, 0x83, 0x2C, 0x1A, 0x1B, 0x6E, 0x5A, 0xA0,
  0x52, 0x3B, 0xD6, 0xB3, 0x29, 0xE3, 0x2F, 0x84,
  0x53, 0xD1, 0x00, 0xED, 0x20, 0xFC, 0xB1, 0x5B,
  0x6A, 0xCB, 0xBE, 0x39, 0x4A, 0x4C, 0x58, 0xCF,
  0xD0, 0xEF, 0xAA, 0xFB, 0x43, 0x4D, 0x33, 0x85,
  0x45, 0xF9, 0x02, 0x7F, 0x50, 0x3C, 0x9F, 0xA8,
  0x51, 0xA3, 0x40, 0x8F, 0x92, 0x9D, 0x38, 0xF5,
  0xBC, 0xB6, 0xDA, 0x21, 0x10, 0xFF, 0xF3, 0xD2,
  0xCD, 0x0C, 0x13, 0xEC, 0x5F, 0x97, 0x44, 0x17,
  0xC4, 0xA7, 0x7E, 0x3D, 0x64, 0x5D, 0x19, 0x73,
  0x60, 0x81, 0x4F, 0xDC, 0x22, 0x2A, 0x90, 0x88,
  0x46, 0xEE, 0xB8, 0x14, 0xDE, 0x5E, 0x0B, 0xDB,
  0xE0, 0x32, 0x3A, 0x0A, 0x49, 0x06, 0x24, 0x5C,
  0xC2, 0xD3, 0xAC, 0x62, 0x91, 0x95, 0xE4, 0x79,
  0xE7, 0xC8, 0x37, 0x6D, 0x8D, 0xD5, 0x4E, 0xA9,
  0x6C, 0x56, 0xF4, 0xEA, 0x65, 0x7A, 0xAE, 0x08,
  0xBA, 0x78, 0x25, 0x2E, 0x1C, 0xA6, 0xB4, 0xC6,
  0xE8, 0xDD, 0x74, 0x1F, 0x4B, 0xBD, 0x8B, 0x8A,
  0x70, 0x3E, 0xB5, 0x66, 0x48, 0x03, 0xF6, 0x0E,
  0x61, 0x35, 0x57, 0xB9, 0x86, 0xC1, 0x1D, 0x9E,
  0xE1, 0xF8, 0x98, 0x11, 0x69, 0xD9, 0x8E, 0x94,
  0x9B, 0x1E, 0x87, 0xE9, 0xCE, 0x55, 0x28, 0xDF,
  0x8C, 0xA1, 0x89, 0x0D, 0xBF, 0xE6, 0x42, 0x68,
  0x41, 0x99, 0x2D, 0x0F, 0xB0, 0x54, 0xBB, 0x16
};

static const uint8_t rijndael_inv_sbox[] = {
  0x52, 0x09, 0x6A, 0xD5, 0x30, 0x36, 0xA5, 0x38,
  0xBF, 0x40, 0xA3, 0x9E, 0x81, 0xF3, 0xD7, 0xFB,
  0x7C, 0xE3, 0x39, 0x82, 0x9B, 0x2F, 0xFF, 0x87,
  0x34, 0x8E, 0x43, 0x44, 0xC4, 0xDE, 0xE9, 0xCB,
  0x54, 0x7B, 0x94, 0x32, 0xA6, 0xC2, 0x23, 0x3D,
  0xEE, 0x4C, 0x95, 0x0B, 0x42, 0xFA, 0xC3, 0x4E,
  0x08, 0x2E, 0xA1, 0x66, 0x28, 0xD9, 0x24, 0xB2,
  0x76, 0x5B, 0xA2, 0x49, 0x6D, 0x8B, 0xD1, 0x25,
  0x72, 0xF8, 0xF6, 0x64, 0x86, 0x68, 0x98, 0x16,
  0xD4, 0xA4, 0x5C, 0xCC, 0x5D, 0x65, 0xB6, 0x92,
  0x6C, 0x70, 0x48, 0x50, 0xFD, 0xED, 0xB9, 0xDA,
  0x5E, 0x15, 0x46, 0x57, 0xA7, 0x8D, 0x9D, 0x84,
  0x90, 0xD8, 0xAB, 0x00, 0x8C, 0xBC, 0xD3, 0x0A,
  0xF7, 0xE4, 0x58, 0x05, 0xB8, 0xB3, 0x45, 0x06,
  0xD0, 0x2C, 0x1E, 0x8F, 0xCA, 0x3F, 0x0F, 0x02,
  0xC1, 0xAF, 0xBD, 0x03, 0x01, 0x13, 0x8A, 0x6B,
  0x3A, 0x91, 0x11, 0x41, 0x4F, 0x67, 0xDC, 0xEA,
  0x97, 0xF2, 0xCF, 0xCE, 0xF0, 0xB4, 0xE6, 0x73,
  0x96, 0xAC, 0x74, 0x22, 0xE7, 0xAD, 0x35, 0x85,
  0xE2, 0xF9, 0x37, 0xE8, 0x1C, 0x75, 0xDF, 0x6E,
  0x47, 0xF1, 0x1A, 0x71, 0x1D, 0x29, 0xC5, 0x89,
  0x6F, 0xB7, 0x62, 0x0E, 0xAA, 0x18, 0xBE, 0x1B,
  0xFC, 0x56, 0x3E, 0x4B, 0xC6, 0xD2, 0x79, 0x20,
  0x9A, 0xDB, 0xC0, 0xFE, 0x78, 0xCD, 0x5A, 0xF4,
  0x1F, 0xDD, 0xA8, 0x33, 0x88, 0x07, 0xC7, 0x31,
  0xB1, 0x12, 0x10, 0x59, 0x27, 0x80, 0xEC, 0x5F,
  0x60, 0x51, 0x7F, 0xA9, 0x19, 0xB5, 0x4A, 0x0D,
  0x2D, 0xE5, 0x7A, 0x9F, 0x93, 0xC9, 0x9C, 0xEF,
  0xA0, 0xE0, 0x3B, 0x4D, 0xAE, 0x2A, 0xF5, 0xB0,
  0xC8, 0xEB, 0xBB, 0x3C, 0x83, 0x53, 0x99, 0x61,
  0x17, 0x2B, 0x04, 0x7E, 0xBA, 0x77, 0xD6, 0x26,
  0xE1, 0x69, 0x14, 0x63, 0x55, 0x21, 0x0C, 0x7D
};

static inline uint8_t
xtime (uint8_t b)
{
  return (b & 0x80) ? ((b << 1) ^ 0x1b) : (b << 1);
}

void
yubikey_aes_decrypt (uint8_t * state, const uint8_t * key)
{
  uint8_t i, j, round_key[0x10];
  uint8_t a02x, a13x;
  uint8_t a02xx, a13xx;
  uint8_t k1, k2;

  memcpy (round_key, key, sizeof (round_key));
  for (i = 0; i < NUMBER_OF_ROUNDS; i++)
    {
      round_key[0] ^= RC[i];

      round_key[0] ^= rijndael_sbox[round_key[13]];
      round_key[1] ^= rijndael_sbox[round_key[14]];
      round_key[2] ^= rijndael_sbox[round_key[15]];
      round_key[3] ^= rijndael_sbox[round_key[12]];

      for (j = 4; j < 16; j++)
	round_key[j] ^= round_key[j - 4];
    }
  for (i = 0; i < 0x10; i++)
    state[i] ^= round_key[i];

  for (i = 1; i <= NUMBER_OF_ROUNDS; i++)
    {
      /* First row: 0 shift, 0 4 8 12 */
      state[0] = rijndael_inv_sbox[state[0]];
      state[4] = rijndael_inv_sbox[state[4]];
      state[8] = rijndael_inv_sbox[state[8]];
      state[12] = rijndael_inv_sbox[state[12]];

      /* Second row: -1 shift, 1 5 9 13 */
      j = state[13];
      state[13] = rijndael_inv_sbox[state[9]];
      state[9] = rijndael_inv_sbox[state[5]];
      state[5] = rijndael_inv_sbox[state[1]];
      state[1] = rijndael_inv_sbox[j];

      /* Third row: -2 shift, 2 6 10 14 */
      j = state[2];
      state[2] = rijndael_inv_sbox[state[10]];
      state[10] = rijndael_inv_sbox[j];
      j = state[6];
      state[6] = rijndael_inv_sbox[state[14]];
      state[14] = rijndael_inv_sbox[j];

      /* Fourth row: -3 shift, 3 7 11 15 */
      j = state[3];
      state[3] = rijndael_inv_sbox[state[7]];
      state[7] = rijndael_inv_sbox[state[11]];
      state[11] = rijndael_inv_sbox[state[15]];
      state[15] = rijndael_inv_sbox[j];

      for (j = 15; j > 3; j--)
	round_key[j] ^= round_key[j - 4];

      round_key[0] ^=
	(RC[NUMBER_OF_ROUNDS - i] ^ rijndael_sbox[round_key[13]]);

      round_key[1] ^= rijndael_sbox[round_key[14]];
      round_key[2] ^= rijndael_sbox[round_key[15]];
      round_key[3] ^= rijndael_sbox[round_key[12]];

      for (j = 0; j < 16; j++)
	state[j] ^= round_key[j];
      if (i != NUMBER_OF_ROUNDS)
	{
	  for (j = 0; j < 16; j += 4)
	    {
	      k1 = state[j] ^ state[j + 2];
	      a02x = xtime (k1);
	      k2 = state[j + 1] ^ state[j + 3];
	      a13x = xtime (k2);

	      k1 ^= (k2 ^ xtime (state[j + 1] ^ state[j + 2]));
	      k2 = k1;

	      a02xx = xtime (a02x);
	      a13xx = xtime (a13x);

	      k1 ^= (xtime (a02xx ^ a13xx) ^ a02xx);
	      k2 ^= (xtime (a02xx ^ a13xx) ^ a13xx);

	      state[j] ^= (k1 ^ a02x);
	      state[j + 1] ^= k2;
	      state[j + 2] ^= (k1 ^ a13x);
	      state[j + 3] ^= (k2 ^ a02x ^ a13x);
	    }
	}

    }
}


/*******************************************************************
function aesEncrypt encrypts a single AES-128 block

  void aesEncrypt(unsigned char *state, const unsigned char *key)

Where:
     "state" is state buffer, i.e. plaintext in, ciphertext out
     "key" is pointer to AES key

*************************************************************************/

void
yubikey_aes_encrypt (uint8_t * state, const uint8_t * key)
{
  unsigned char i, j, k, tmp, round_key[0x10];

  memcpy (round_key, key, sizeof (round_key));

  for (i = 0; i < 16; i++)
    state[i] ^= key[i];

  for (i = 0; i < NUMBER_OF_ROUNDS; i++)
    {
      /* First row: 0 shift, 0 4 8 12 */
      state[0] = rijndael_sbox[state[0]];
      state[4] = rijndael_sbox[state[4]];
      state[8] = rijndael_sbox[state[8]];
      state[12] = rijndael_sbox[state[12]];

      /* Second row: 1 shift, 1 5 9 13 */
      tmp = state[1];
      state[1] = rijndael_sbox[state[5]];
      state[5] = rijndael_sbox[state[9]];
      state[9] = rijndael_sbox[state[13]];
      state[13] = rijndael_sbox[tmp];

      /* Third row: 2 shift, 2 6 10 14 */
      tmp = state[2];
      state[2] = rijndael_sbox[state[10]];
      state[10] = rijndael_sbox[tmp];
      tmp = state[6];
      state[6] = rijndael_sbox[state[14]];
      state[14] = rijndael_sbox[tmp];

      /* Fourth row: 3 shift, 3 7 11 15 */
      tmp = state[15];
      state[15] = rijndael_sbox[state[11]];
      state[11] = rijndael_sbox[state[7]];
      state[7] = rijndael_sbox[state[3]];
      state[3] = rijndael_sbox[tmp];

      if (i != (NUMBER_OF_ROUNDS - 1))
	{
	  for (k = 0; k < 16; k += 4)
	    {

	      j = state[k] ^ state[k + 1];
	      tmp = j ^ state[k + 2] ^ state[k + 3];

	      j = xtime (j);

	      state[k] ^= (j ^ tmp);

	      j = state[k + 1] ^ state[k + 2];
	      j = xtime (j);

	      state[k + 1] ^= (j ^ tmp);

	      j = state[k + 2] ^ state[k + 3];
	      j = xtime (j);

	      state[k + 2] ^= (j ^ tmp);
	      state[k + 3] = state[k] ^ state[k + 1] ^ state[k + 2] ^ tmp;
	    }
	}

      round_key[0] ^= RC[i];

      round_key[0] ^= rijndael_sbox[round_key[13]];
      round_key[1] ^= rijndael_sbox[round_key[14]];
      round_key[2] ^= rijndael_sbox[round_key[15]];
      round_key[3] ^= rijndael_sbox[round_key[12]];

      for (k = 4; k < 16; k++)
	round_key[k] ^= round_key[k - 4];

      for (j = 0; j < 16; j++)
	state[j] ^= round_key[j];
    }
}
