/*    Copyright 2012 10gen Inc.
 *
 *    Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 *    you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
 *    You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *    http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 *    Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 *    distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 *    WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 *    See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 *    limitations under the License.
 */

#include "mongo/platform/basic.h"

#include "mongo/base/parse_number.h"

#include <algorithm>
#include <cerrno>
#include <cstdlib>
#include <limits>
#include <string>

#include "mongo/platform/cstdint.h"

namespace mongo {

/**
 * Returns the value of the digit "c", with the same conversion behavior as strtol.
 *
 * Assumes "c" is an ASCII character or UTF-8 octet.
 */
static uint8_t _digitValue(char c) {
    if (c >= '0' && c <= '9')
        return uint8_t(c - '0');
    if (c >= 'a' && c <= 'z')
        return uint8_t(c - 'a' + 10);
    if (c >= 'A' && c <= 'Z')
        return uint8_t(c - 'A' + 10);
    return 36;  // Illegal digit value for all supported bases.
}

/**
 * Assuming "stringValue" represents a parseable number, extracts the sign and returns a
 * substring with any sign characters stripped away.  "*isNegative" is set to true if the
 * number is negative, and false otherwise.
 */
static inline StringData _extractSign(const StringData& stringValue, bool* isNegative) {
    if (stringValue.empty()) {
        *isNegative = false;
        return stringValue;
    }

    bool foundSignMarker;
    switch (stringValue[0]) {
        case '-':
            foundSignMarker = true;
            *isNegative = true;
            break;
        case '+':
            foundSignMarker = true;
            *isNegative = false;
            break;
        default:
            foundSignMarker = false;
            *isNegative = false;
            break;
    }

    if (foundSignMarker)
        return stringValue.substr(1);
    return stringValue;
}

/**
 * Assuming "stringValue" represents a parseable number, determines what base to use given
 * "inputBase".  Stores the correct base into "*outputBase".  Follows strtol rules.  If
 * "inputBase" is not 0, *outputBase is set to "inputBase".  Otherwise, if "stringValue" starts
 * with "0x" or "0X", sets outputBase to 16, or if it starts with 0, sets outputBase to 8.
 *
 * Returns stringValue, unless it sets *outputBase to 16, in which case it will strip off the
 * "0x" or "0X" prefix, if present.
 */
static inline StringData _extractBase(const StringData& stringValue,
                                      int inputBase,
                                      int* outputBase) {
    const StringData hexPrefixLower("0x", StringData::LiteralTag());
    const StringData hexPrefixUpper("0X", StringData::LiteralTag());
    if (inputBase == 0) {
        if (stringValue.size() > 2 &&
            (stringValue.startsWith(hexPrefixLower) || stringValue.startsWith(hexPrefixUpper))) {
            *outputBase = 16;
            return stringValue.substr(2);
        }
        if (stringValue.size() > 1 && stringValue[0] == '0') {
            *outputBase = 8;
            return stringValue;
        }
        *outputBase = 10;
        return stringValue;
    } else {
        *outputBase = inputBase;
        if (inputBase == 16 &&
            (stringValue.startsWith(hexPrefixLower) || stringValue.startsWith(hexPrefixUpper))) {
            return stringValue.substr(2);
        }
        return stringValue;
    }
}

template <typename NumberType>
Status parseNumberFromStringWithBase(const StringData& stringValue, int base, NumberType* result) {
    typedef ::std::numeric_limits<NumberType> limits;

    if (base == 1 || base < 0 || base > 36)
        return Status(ErrorCodes::BadValue, "Invalid base", 0);

    bool isNegative = false;
    StringData str = _extractBase(_extractSign(stringValue, &isNegative), base, &base);

    if (str.empty())
        return Status(ErrorCodes::FailedToParse, "No digits");

    NumberType n(0);
    if (isNegative) {
        if (limits::is_signed) {
            for (size_t i = 0; i < str.size(); ++i) {
                NumberType digitValue = NumberType(_digitValue(str[i]));
                if (int(digitValue) >= base) {
                    return Status(ErrorCodes::FailedToParse,
                                  "Bad digit \"" + str.substr(i, 1).toString() +
                                      "\" while parsing " + stringValue.toString());
                }

// MSVC: warning C4146: unary minus operator applied to unsigned type, result still unsigned
// This code is statically known to be dead when NumberType is unsigned, so the warning is not real
#pragma warning(push)
#pragma warning(disable : 4146)
                if ((NumberType(limits::min() / base) > n) ||
                    ((limits::min() - NumberType(n * base)) > -digitValue)) {
#pragma warning(pop)

                    return Status(ErrorCodes::FailedToParse, "Underflow");
                }

                n *= NumberType(base);
                n -= NumberType(digitValue);
            }
        } else {
            return Status(ErrorCodes::FailedToParse, "Negative value");
        }
    } else {
        for (size_t i = 0; i < str.size(); ++i) {
            NumberType digitValue = NumberType(_digitValue(str[i]));
            if (int(digitValue) >= base) {
                return Status(ErrorCodes::FailedToParse,
                              "Bad digit \"" + str.substr(i, 1).toString() + "\" while parsing " +
                                  stringValue.toString());
            }
            if ((NumberType(limits::max() / base) < n) ||
                (NumberType(limits::max() - n * base) < digitValue)) {
                return Status(ErrorCodes::FailedToParse, "Overflow");
            }

            n *= NumberType(base);
            n += NumberType(digitValue);
        }
    }
    *result = n;
    return Status::OK();
}

// Definition of the various supported implementations of parseNumberFromStringWithBase.

#define DEFINE_PARSE_NUMBER_FROM_STRING_WITH_BASE(NUMBER_TYPE) \
    template MONGO_CLIENT_API Status MONGO_CLIENT_FUNC         \
    parseNumberFromStringWithBase<NUMBER_TYPE>(const StringData&, int, NUMBER_TYPE*);

DEFINE_PARSE_NUMBER_FROM_STRING_WITH_BASE(long)
DEFINE_PARSE_NUMBER_FROM_STRING_WITH_BASE(long long)
DEFINE_PARSE_NUMBER_FROM_STRING_WITH_BASE(unsigned long)
DEFINE_PARSE_NUMBER_FROM_STRING_WITH_BASE(unsigned long long)
DEFINE_PARSE_NUMBER_FROM_STRING_WITH_BASE(short)
DEFINE_PARSE_NUMBER_FROM_STRING_WITH_BASE(unsigned short)
DEFINE_PARSE_NUMBER_FROM_STRING_WITH_BASE(int)
DEFINE_PARSE_NUMBER_FROM_STRING_WITH_BASE(unsigned int)
DEFINE_PARSE_NUMBER_FROM_STRING_WITH_BASE(int8_t);
DEFINE_PARSE_NUMBER_FROM_STRING_WITH_BASE(uint8_t);
#undef DEFINE_PARSE_NUMBER_FROM_STRING_WITH_BASE

#ifdef _WIN32

namespace {

/**
 * Converts ascii c-locale uppercase characters to lower case, leaves other char values
 * unchanged.
 */
char toLowerAscii(char c) {
    if (isascii(c) && isupper(c))
        return _tolower(c);
    return c;
}

}  // namespace

#endif  // defined(_WIN32)

template <>
Status parseNumberFromStringWithBase<double>(const StringData& stringValue,
                                             int base,
                                             double* result) {
    if (base != 0) {
        return Status(ErrorCodes::BadValue,
                      "Must pass 0 as base to parseNumberFromStringWithBase<double>.");
    }
    if (stringValue.empty())
        return Status(ErrorCodes::FailedToParse, "Empty string");

    if (isspace(stringValue[0]))
        return Status(ErrorCodes::FailedToParse, "Leading whitespace");

    std::string str = stringValue.toString();
    const char* cStr = str.c_str();
    char* endp;
    errno = 0;
    double d = strtod(cStr, &endp);
    int actualErrno = errno;
    if (endp != stringValue.size() + cStr) {
#ifdef _WIN32
        // The Windows libc implementation of strtod cannot parse +/-infinity or nan,
        // so handle that here.
        std::transform(str.begin(), str.end(), str.begin(), toLowerAscii);
        if (str == StringData("nan", StringData::LiteralTag())) {
            *result = std::numeric_limits<double>::quiet_NaN();
            return Status::OK();
        } else if (str == StringData("+infinity", StringData::LiteralTag()) ||
                   str == StringData("infinity", StringData::LiteralTag())) {
            *result = std::numeric_limits<double>::infinity();
            return Status::OK();
        } else if (str == StringData("-infinity", StringData::LiteralTag())) {
            *result = -std::numeric_limits<double>::infinity();
            return Status::OK();
        }
#endif  // defined(_WIN32)

        return Status(ErrorCodes::FailedToParse, "Did not consume whole number.");
    }
    if (actualErrno == ERANGE)
        return Status(ErrorCodes::FailedToParse, "Out of range");
    *result = d;
    return Status::OK();
}

}  // namespace mongo
